It found little to no progress in the management effectiveness for 65% of protected areas, some progress, high concern for 24%, good progress, some concern for 5%, and very good progress for only 5%. Overall, the 2017 assessment report found that the management effectiveness has not benefited from systemic improvement of on-the-ground delivery since 2006 when a similar study was conducted. The PNG Policy on Protected Areas states that “over thousands of years, communities all over PNG have been conserving nature for cultural and spiritual reasons, while pursuing traditional livelihoods in these landscapes and seascapes.” Today, customary landowners, which are the custodians of up to 97% of land in the country, recognize many areas of land and sea as areas of special spiritual importance known as “ tambu.” Currently, there is a 9.86% shortfall for coastal and marine areas and a 13.04% shortfall for terrestrial and inland waters. Yet these efforts might not be enough for PNG to reach Aichi Target 11 to have 17% of terrestrial and inland water areas and 10% of coastal and marine areas protected by the end of 2020. This is an improvement on the 57 protected areas analyzed in the 2017 assessment of management effectiveness of PNG’s protected areas, prepared by the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), which concluded that PNG’s management of protected areas “has remained patchy and problematic.” In 2020, 59 protected areas have been formally registered by PNG’s Conservation and Environment Protection Authority (CEPA). Along with ongoing work under several projects, the report contributes to efforts to improve the effectiveness of protected area management in PNG. Papua New Guinea’s (PNG) Government pre-approved a 2019 report on the state of the environment in the country, which analyzes data on, and makes recommendations on how to improve, protected area conservation and management.
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