Love works no ill against his neighbor.Īnd if that’s not clear enough. In case you ever wonder what you should do, Scripture has some wise advice: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. You can love with His heart because He gave you His Holy Spirit.This post is running concurrently at. God is within you, just as you are within Him. Your hope is Jesus Christ and the eternal life He gave you. When you trust in God completely, when you love Him with your entire being, the difficult task of loving those who hate you becomes easier. My enemy will not shout in triumph over me.ġ2 But you have upheld me because of my integrity,ġ3 Blessed be the Lord, the God of Israel,ĭo you trust God enough to tangibly love your enemies? Jesus loves them. David ended this psalm with verses 11-13. And we trust God to keep us and we know vengeance is His, not ours. We remember who we were before Jesus was our Lord. It is borne by our kindness, gentleness, compassion, patience, and self-control. For he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust.” “You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ 44 But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45 so that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven. 27 And you also will bear witness, because you have been with me from the beginning.”įar from responding in kind, Jesus commanded that we are to love our enemies and pray for them. “But when the Helper comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth, who proceeds from the Father, he will bear witness about me. Later in the same chapter John 15:26-27 Jesus told the disciples about The Holy Spirit. 19 If you were of the world, the world would love you as its own but because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hates you.”ĭoes that mean we have license to hate them back? No, that is a flesh response. “If the world hates you, know that it has hated me before it hated you. Just like our love for others distinguishes us, so does the world’s hate for us. Who ate my bread, has lifted his heel against me. He will not rise again from where he lies.”ĩ Even my close friend in whom I trusted, “As for me, I said, “O Lord, be gracious to me Ħ And when one comes to see me, he utters empty words,ħ All who hate me whisper together about me Ĩ They say, “A deadly thing is poured out on him They would be thrilled if he stayed sick and even died. But David had many enemies who wished to usurp his throne and abuse his power. He knew they depended on him as he depended on God. But even in his suffering he was concerned for the poor. He was the the powerful and wealthy King. He trusted the Lord to sustain him and carry him through it. In his illness you restore him to full health.”ĭavid was very sick when he wrote this psalm. You do not give him up to the will of his enemies. In the day of trouble the Lord delivers him Ģ the Lord protects him and keeps him alive “Blessed is the one who considers the poor! He was righteous, not because he was perfect, but because he loved the Lord with all his heart and because he viewed the world through God’s heart. They recognize their sin within them, so they are either drawn to Christ or they hate us passionately for Him. He saw us as the destitute people we were, gave us His righteousness and His name and made us royalty.īecause we have the Holy Spirit, we can love like that. The only people He spoke ‘judgmental’ words to were the religious people who thought they were perfect. He listened to the disciples, cared about them, taught them, and led them. He was willing to sacrifice Himself for us. How did Jesus love us? He put our needs above His own. 35 By this all people will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another.” “A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another. He laid down His life to forgive sin, He gave us the Holy Spirit to transform us to His image. But later when Jesus spoke to His disciples He gave them a new command, something that would only be possible because of faith, because of what Jesus would do for us. So to love someone else that way is to give their needs the same urgency as our own. Our concerns are known to us and those are the ones we meet. How do we love ourselves? Our needs are our priority. This command was given to everyone, followers or not. First He quoted an Old Covenant command that along with “Love the Lord with all your heart, soul, mind, and strength” sums up the entire law, “love your neighbor as you love yourself.” (Mark 12:30-31). Jesus commanded us to love in two different ways. It trusts itself to God and sees the needs of others first. The love of Christ is not like the love of the world.
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“There are so many times I’ve sung that song and wanted to cry,” he says. It’s still tender for him-not just heartbreak, but how alone he was going through it. One song he wrote about that relationship, called “21 Summer,” has become a fan favorite, and you can see why: It’s a big, nostalgic singalong with lyrics about cutoff jeans and hair blowing in the breeze. He channeled that anguish into his music. “I was mad that no one knew why I was hurting,” he says. “It made me resent people.” A first heartbreak in his early twenties crushed him all the more because he felt like he couldn’t tell anyone. and his siblings-including sister Natalie, who now works for a publisher in Nashville-were always musical, performing alongside Big John’s blues band in local shows. is short for Thomas John, the inverse of his older brother and bandmate, whose name is John Thomas, named after their father, whose name is also John Thomas, though people call him “Big John.” Growing up in Deale, Md., a blue-collar town on the Chesapeake Bay, T.J. “But is that just because they’ve never had the opportunity to relate to it?” says, country isn’t the most popular genre among gay people. Country music is about storytelling, and that means T.J.’s identity is inextricable from his music. “But in a rural town playing a county fair? I’m curious how this will go.” The professional risks he’s taking in coming out feel worth it, both for his own happiness and because, well, it’s time. “I don’t think I’m going to get run off the stage in Chicago,” he says. Taylor Swift even cited the band’s ouster as a reason she remained publicly apolitical for so long: “You’re always one comment away from being done,” she told Variety in a 2020 interview. The tale of the Chicks, formerly the Dixie Chicks, who were exiled after criticizing the Iraq War, looms large over country music. The country music business is lucrative, generating $5.5 billion to Nashville’s economy alone, according to RIAA if artists speak out, they run the risk of alienating listeners, particularly in an era when even anodyne statements of support for a cause can be misconstrued. If liberal Hollywood is notorious for pushing a progressive agenda, country has historically been its counterpoint-a safe haven for traditional “family values.” Never mind that many country artists, like Nashville as a city, lean blue: They know that their primary market, like the state of Tennessee itself, skews red. That feels so strange.”īut his reservations are understandable, given that country music remains a bastion of mainstream conservatism in American arts and culture. “I find myself being guarded for not wanting to talk about something that I personally don’t have a problem with. “I’m very comfortable being gay,” he says later, in a quiet room at the office of his management company. In some respects, he says, coming out publicly is no big deal. This isn’t a recent revelation for him he’s known since he was young, and he’s been out to family and friends in his tight-knit Nashville community for years. What may come as a surprise to the band’s fans is the news that T.J., 36, is gay. and John are engaging performers with a knack for anthemic hooks. There’s nothing surprising about the duo’s popularity: Both T.J. (Have you ever fallen in love in late summer, gazing out at an orange-and-purple sunset from the bed of a pickup truck? Well, me neither, but this song will make you feel like you have!) The duo has won four CMA Awards, been nominated for seven Grammys, and collaborated with heavy-hitting country contemporaries such as Dierks Bentley and Maren Morris. Since signing to EMI Records Nashville, they’ve released seven country Top 40 singles and three studio albums, including their swoony, rollicking platinum hit “Stay a Little Longer,” which crossed over to mainstream radio. He’s the lead vocalist of Brothers Osborne, the duo he formed with his brother John, a guitarist, in 2012 together they make roots-inflected, soulful country-rock that sounds just as good on the radio as it would filling an arena. is tall and friendly, with a twangy, sonorous voice that often crests into deep, warm laughter. “I’m ready to put this behind me,” he says. Now, at a masked-up photo shoot in east Nashville, he insists that he’s feeling good as he slips on a jacket. Osborne how he’s feeling, which makes sense, given the thing he’s about to do, but it’s making him uneasy, hearing that well-intentioned question over and over again from so many people-his friends, his family, his team, and even me, over the course of the days that have led up to this one. If you need more inspiration, here’s a step-by-step guide to writing an employee appreciation letter and a list of motivational recognition quotes to power your culture. Hopefully, these quotes have ignited your imagination and inspired you to use your words to appreciate your employees (and those who recognize you). I look forward to another 10 years! More Inspiration Your mentorship has made all the difference in the way I approach my work.Ħ0. Thanks to my amazing team who helped me pull off this project. Thank you for supporting me in my efforts to succeed.ĥ8. Be assured that I will continue to work in a way that will make you proud.ĥ7. I can’t fully describe how much I appreciate being the recipient of such a prestigious award, but I am truly honored.ĥ6. Here are some appreciation quotes that can help you convey what you want to say.ĥ5. If you happen to be the recipient of an appreciation award, it’s hard to know what to say in return. Thank you for your dedication to the worthy cause!ĥ4. Volunteering to take on the fundraiser was the key to its success. Thank you for always being the first to clean up after game time (I won’t thank you for always beating me at Uno though!).ĥ3. I love that you make such insightful comments during meetings. Your desk is so beautifully decorated! It always brightens my day whenever I walk by it.ĥ1. I’m so grateful that you’re not afraid to ask questions! It helps me be a better leader.ĥ0. The office kitchen is always spotless after you’ve been there! Thank you for keeping it so clean.Ĥ9. Skills used safely operate a commercial vehicle safely load and unload children apply leadership skills applied patience while working with children followed directions from the supervisor. Performing a complete visual safety check of each bus driven on a daily basis, completing daily pre and post trip checklists report any needed repairs, and deliver bus to repair site report delays, accidents, or other traffic and transportation situations, using telephones or mobile two-way radios read maps, and follow written and verbal geographic directions.Transporting the students and faculty to special events, such as field trips or sporting events.Employed part-time during the school year, often working split shifts of mornings and afternoons.Possess valid commercial driver's license and an impeccable driving record free of any moving violations within the last five years.Attended all meetings and trainings as required, in addition to looking out for maintenance issues and contributing information as needed on a situational basis with the transportation team.Initiated contact by phone with guardians/parents communicated situations and remedies for problems, including complaints or disruptive behavior, documenting all occurrences from beginning to resolution according to school policy.Actively participated as a school transportation advocate in conferences between guardians/parents and administration.
Trial software allows the user to evaluate the software for a limited amount of time. Demos are usually not time-limited (like Trial software) but the functionality is limited. In some cases, all the functionality is disabled until the license is purchased. Demoĭemo programs have a limited functionality for free, but charge for an advanced set of features or for the removal of advertisements from the program's interfaces. In some cases, ads may be show to the users. Basically, a product is offered Free to Play (Freemium) and the user can decide if he wants to pay the money (Premium) for additional features, services, virtual or physical goods that expand the functionality of the game. This license is commonly used for video games and it allows users to download and play the game for free. There are many different open source licenses but they all must comply with the Open Source Definition - in brief: the software can be freely used, modified and shared. Programs released under this license can be used at no cost for both personal and commercial purposes. Open Source software is software with source code that anyone can inspect, modify or enhance. Freeware products can be used free of charge for both personal and professional (commercial use). User-interface and tagging are fully Unicode compliant.įreeware programs can be downloaded used free of charge and without any time limitations. Generate nice reports and lists of your collection based on user-defined templates. Rename files based on the tag information and import tags from filenames. Replace strings in tags and filenames (with support for Regular Expressions).Ĭreate and manage playlists automatically while editing. Save typing and import tags from on-line databases like Amazon, discogs, freedb, MusicBrainz, and more. Import from Amazon, discogs, freedb, MusicBrainz Write ID3v1.1, ID3v2.3, ID3v2.4, MP4, WMA, APEv2 Tags, and Vorbis Comments to multiple files at once.ĭownload and add album covers to your files and make your library even shinier. Mp3tag supports online database lookups from, e.g., Amazon, discogs, or freedb, allowing you to automatically gather proper tags and cover art for your music library. It can rename files based on the tag information, replace characters or words in tags and filenames, import/export tag information, create playlists, and more. Mp3tag is a powerful and yet easy-to-use tool to edit metadata of common audio formats where it supports ID3v1, ID3v2.3, ID3v2.4, iTunes MP4, WMA, Vorbis Comments, and APE Tags. You can use pineapple juice here, but there is no comparison to bright and crisp pineapple. While the syrup is simmering, cut up fresh jalapeno and puree. You can adjust the amount of heat for your preference by adding more or less jalapeño. Boil water and sugar together, chill then you are done! Throw some jalapeño in while it is simmering to infuse the syrup, and the drink, with a subtle spice rather than a ‘in your face’ heat. It seems daunting but really is just that, simple. The drink starts out with a simple syrup. Upon arriving at home, I gathered the ingredients – a fresh pineapple, plump jalapeños and our best tequila. Because Mr HIT immediately demanded I recreate these at home for him. Perfection.Īfter falling in love, we antagonized the bartender on how to make them. Sweet, spicy and potent all in the same sip. A fresh pineapple margarita with a jalapeño infused simple syrup. Well they had one that caught both of our eyes. What can I say, I just like my margaritas with some top shelf tequila, a touch of grand mariner and fresh lime juice. Mr HIT is a bit more adventurous in the cocktail realm than I am. And let me tell you, they did not disappoint! Three margaritas later we were feeling gooooodddd. Unfortunately, we didn’t indulge in deep dish pizza but we did stumble upon a great little spot for some authentic Mexican food and tequila. But I would be lying and that is not what our friendship is based on here! Rather, I like our friendship to be based on love, way too much chatter and tasty margaritas!Ī few months ago when Mr HIT and I traveled to Chicago for a friends wedding, we had a few hours to kill and were dying for some tasty food as Chicago has some pretty amazing food. Would it be more convincing if I told you those nights ended with dancing stupidly at a bar? Or something else far too embarrassing too discuss? Luckly those nights never ended in actions I later regretted. There has been a few times it has been a bit too tasty and I may or may not have had one too many. With all the craziness of the holiday season in full swing, I couldn’t think of a better way to bring on some relaxation than a new spin on my favorite cocktail, a margarita! I am thinking we all need a bit of a virtual happy hour. Next, I wanted to complicate things a bit more, and I asked it to perform the same operation as before but with an image represented in Fourier space.Īnd even though the beginning of an answer was promising, the result was a total disaster. And this is what I got:Īgain, a pretty sensible solution. I wanted it to to translate (shift) a 2D image. Totally understandable for an AI trained on text only though.įinally, the last exercise consists of both programming and a bit of maths. It may know how to code, but plain maths are not so easy for it. It sounded as if it knew what it was talking about but… the answer was totally wrong. The question I asked to ChatGPT was the following:Ĭan you tell me which is the intersection between the unit circle and the curve “y= x*x”? Something that a high school student should know how to do it, but that it is not easy to find in the internet and that should indicate some degree of understanding. Then I though that, perhaps, it was so good at those exercises because they were pretty common, and just by a simple google search you can find a copy paste solution for them. Was this all? Can ChatGPT just replace coders like the steam engine replaced horses? At that point I started felt a bit overwhelmed. I continued with a few more boring typical coding questions and it managed to implement all them without mistakes. This is the kind of answer you would expect from a first year CS student. So, I started asking a few very simple programming answers like the following:Ĭan you implement a function to compute the factorial of a number using a cache? Use python.Ī clear and efficient implementation of the factorial. It was not my original intention, but let’s pretend it was, just to make this post more interesting. The goal of this post is to determine if I can effectively use ChatGPT as a programmer/mathematician assistant. OK. It’s so amazing that I couldn’t resist writing another. I know, we have some other recent posts about it. Window.lazyLoadOptions=),window.Yesterday I spent a couple of hours playing with ChatGPT. Use multiple image translation tools to compare the results.If the text in the image is in a foreign language, try to identify the language before you translate it.Make sure the text in the image is not too small or too stylized.Use high-quality images with clear text.Q: What are some tips for using image translation tools?Ī: Here are some tips for using image translation tools: The accuracy of the translation will depend on the quality of the image, the clarity of the text, and the complexity of the language. Translating text from images that you take yourselfįAQs Q: What are the limitations of image translation tools?Ī: Image translation tools are not perfect, and they can sometimes make mistakes.Translating text from images that you find online or in print.Traveling to foreign countries and understanding signs and menus.Image translation tools can be used for a variety of purposes, including: Once the text has been extracted, it is then translated into the language of your choice using a machine translation engine. Image translation tools work by using optical character recognition (OCR) technology to extract text from images. The ability to translate text from images that you take yourself.The ability to translate text from images that you find online or in print.The ability to understand text in foreign languages without having to learn the language yourself. The benefits of image translation tools include:
It may take 10 to 25 years to bloom.įresh seeds are easy to propagate, but most existing plants are grown from Agave plantlets growing at the plant’s base. Flowering is a once-in-a-lifetime event because the adult plant subsequently dies. The agave plant can reach up to six feet tall (23 feet tall when flowering). Agaves are among the most well-liked thorny plants with their distinctive bluish-green foliage. In addition to the many outdoor-friendly agave varieties, many thrive as indoor plants. Succulents – 4 Common Spike Leaf Plant Genera Agaves The dew lures insects that the plant’s enzymes decompose for consumption. Planted as a companion plant, it can help manage gnats, ants, flies and other pests, making a meal of them.Įach leaf has fine spikes and glands at the tips that secrete a sticky, dew-like substance that stays on the leaf all day. The Drosera aliciae is an easy-to-care-for plant suited to first-time gardeners. I had to add at least one unusual carnivorous plant to the mix. It is still being determined why the Naranjilla gene sometimes infiltrates eggplants, even though both are from the same Solanaceae family. Some eggplant growers, and it seems most prominent in the Turkish Orange variety, may find their plants have spiky leaves. In Ecuador, the plant’s sweet (when ripe) fruit juice is a popular beverage called lulo, which tastes like a blend of lemon and pineapple. Naranjilla fruits are like little oranges, hence the Spanish name that means little orange. The naranjilla’s spiky leaves are not as aggressive as some other species but sufficiently to deter touching or munching. The naranjilla’s dark green leaves look soft but grow sharp thorns along the veins to discourage larger herbivores. This tropical plant has large, lush green leaves that can reach up to two feet (60 cm) long, with deeply serrated edges, and covered in tiny, purple hairs (trichomes). Naranjilla, a native of Ecuador with spiky leaves, is a member of the Solanaceae family, a cousin of tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, and peppers. Also, be aware that the plant is highly toxic to dogs, and a single seed ingested can cause death. You can expect some pain if stung by the spiky leaves. Sago palms are low-maintenance but prefer bright but indirect light and well-drained soil. Generally grown as outdoor pot plants, the sago palm leaves have a midrib that divides into numerous three to six-inch narrow leaflets with spiked ends. The plant is native to the Japanese Islands of Kyusha and Ryukyu and southern China. Sago’s palm is a tropical and sub-tropical showy evergreen member of an ancient plant family known as Cycadaceae, dating 200 million years back. The language accepted and the language generated by an FSA are exactly the same. The language generated by an FSA is the set of all strings it can generate when used in generation mode. The language accepted (or recognized) by an FSA is the set of all strings it recognizes when used in recognition mode. This is something which is true for all finite state automata and we can make it more precise: So, when used in recognition mode, this machine recognizes exactly the same words that it generates when used in generation mode. The reason is that with this input, it won't be able to read the whole input (there is no transition that allows reading an o). The problem is that it will end up in a non-final state without anything left to read that could take it into the final state. However, it doesn't accept the word haha - although it will be able to read the whole input (state 1, state 2, state 3, state 2, state 3). Similarly, it accepts hahaha! and hahahaha! and so on. After all the symbols in xhave been read by the. If the current state of the automaton is q, and the next symbol in xto be read is a, then the automaton on reading atransitions to the state (q a), and continues processing the remaining symbols of x. It also accepts the word haha! by making the following sequence of transitions: state 1, state 2, state 3, state 2, state 3, state 4. At each point in time, the automaton has a current state. At that point it has read all of the input and is in a final state. For example, it accepts the word ha! by going from state 1 via state 2 and state 3 to state 4. > a finite set of input symbols (alphabet) q. It can reach a final state, but there are still unread symbols left over when it does A Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA) consists of: Q > a finite set of states. Therefore, there are a finite number of possible states. Every bit in a machine can only be in two states (0 or 1). The following is an example to illustrate the difference between a finite-state machine and a Turing machine: Imagine a Modern CPU. Deterministic Finite Automata (DFAs) and Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFAs). That means an FSA fails to recognize a string if: There are four major families of automaton : Finite-state machine Pushdown automata. Finite state machines can be used to model problems in many fields including mathematics, artificial intelligence, games, and linguistics. But let's have a closer look at what it means for a finite state automaton to recognize a string of symbols.Īn FSA recognizes (or accepts) a string of symbols (or word) if starting in an intial state, it can read in the symbols one after the other while making transitions from one state to another such that the transition reading in the last symbol takes the machine into a final state. Suppose the mirror acquires another phrase: Snow White is history. The general term for such machines is finite state automaton ( FSA ) or finite state machine ( FSM ). The algorithms which implement such pattern-matching operations make use of thenotion of a nite automaton (which is Greeklish for nite state. Just that we are using them to output symbols in one case and to read symbols in the other case. Another important example of the same kind is the ‘lexical analysis’ phase in a compiler during which the text of a program is divided up into the allowed tokens of the programming language. That is only a small difference: Finite state generators and finite state recognizers are exactly the same kind of machine. A finite state recognizer in turn is a simple computing machine that reads (or at least tries to read) a sequence of symbols from an input tape. You will often find the notion of an output tape the symbols are written on. These are as follows: Step 1: Remove all the states that are unreachable from the initial state via any set of the transition. We have to follow the various steps to minimize the DFA. Thus, we get the FSM(finite state machine) with redundant states after minimizing the FSM. Let us look at each core component and identity what it means. Minimization of DFA means reducing the number of states from given FA. \(\)$ states suffice, but the only lower bound for the problem is $\Omega(\log n)$.In the previous section, we have learned that finite state generators are simple computing machines that output a sequence of symbols. Formally, a Deterministc Finite Automaton (DFA) is a 5-tuple D Example: Consider the DFA p, Similarly, the formal definition of a Nondeterministic Finite. We can take the most simple example of a traffic light system using FSM.We sometimes call \(L(M)\) the language accepted by \(M\), or even just the language of \(M\).ĭesign DFAs that recognize each of the following languages: Guedry FE (1974) Psychophysics of vestibular sensation. Gonshor A, Melvill Jones G (1976b) Extreme vestibulo-ocular adaptation induced by prolonged optical reversal of vision. Gonshor A, Melvill Jones G (1976a) Short-term adaptive changes in the human vestibulo-ocular reflex arc. Gonshor A, Melvill Jones G (1971) Plasticity in the adult human vestibulo-ocular reflex arc. Gauthier GM, Robinson DA (1975) Adaptation of the human vestibulo-ocular reflex to magnifying lenses. Exp Brain Res 84:47–56įurst EJ, Goldberg J, Jenkins HA (1987) Voluntary modification of the rotatory induced vestibulo-ocular reflex by fixating imaginary targets. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 64: A3īloomberg J, Melvill Jones G, Segal B (1986b) Does the quick phase supplement of the goal-directed vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) reflect the adaptive state of a modifiable internal spatial map? Soc Neurosci Abstr 12, Part 2, p 1090īloomberg J, Melvill Jones G, Segal B (1991) Adaptive modification of vestibularly perceived rotation. Elsevier Biomed Press, Amsterdamīloomberg J, Melvill Jones G, Segal B (1986a) Quick and slow phase interaction following adaptive attenuation of the human vestibulo-ocular reflex. Progr Brain Res 76:411–420īerthoz A, Melvill Jones G (eds) (1985) Adaptive mechanisms in gaze control. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 81:365–375īerthoz A (1988) The role of gaze in compensation of vestibular disfunction: the gaze substitution hypothesis. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 97:1–6īarr CC, Schultheis LW, Robinson DA (1976) Voluntary, non-visual control of the human vestibulo-ocular reflex. It is suggested that a conscious vestibular percept of self-rotation might underlie the combined saccadic-slow-phase response, and that the net under performance after adaptation might reflect attenuation of this percept relative to the actual rotational stimulus.īaloh RW, Lyerly K, Yee YD, Honrubia V (1984) Voluntary control of the human vestibulo-ocular reflex. In one subject, compensatory saccadic eye movements corrected a consistent directional asymmetry in the slow-phase response. However, there was a consistent “synergistic” tendency for saccadic eye movements to improve slow-phase performance, regardless of the subject's adaptive state. Subjects re-exposed to 30 min of normal visual-vestibular interaction displayed a variety of recovery patterns using different combinations of slow and saccadic eye movements. Thus after adaptation, the combined saccadic-slow-phase response brought the final gaze position to a point in space that was systematically shifted in the direction of head rotation (i.e. After adaptation, the corresponding values in the same population were 53%, 18% and 71% respectively. Before adaptation, the cumulative slow-phase and cumulative saccadic components produced on average 78% and 14% respectively of the ideal (100%) compensation, thus yielding an overall net compensation which was 92% of the desired value. The adaptive experience comprised 2 h of full-field visual suppression of the VOR during sinusoidal rotation of subject and surround at 1/6 Hz and 40°/s velocity amplitude. In each test series, subjects attempted to stabilize their gaze on a previously seen target during each of 40 brief (≈0.5 s) whole body rotations (40°/s, 20° amp) conducted in complete darkness. The present study further investigates this phenomenon by measuring the respective contributions of saccadic, slow-phase and overall net compensation in 9 subjects tested before and after 30% adaptive attenuation of VOR slow-phase gain. Nevertheless it has recently been found, that even in the dark, this inadequacy tends to be corrected by supplementary saccades usually acting in the compensatory direction. However, slow-phase compensation per se is generally inadequate in these circumstances. When a normal human subject is briefly turned in total darkness while trying to “look” at a spatially fixed target, the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) produces slow-phase compensatory eye movements tending to hold the eyes on target. |
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