![]() ![]() The original author(s) and source must be cited. This version of this article is open access and can be downloaded and shared. This entry was posted in Trophic Cascade and tagged channel morphology, elk, riparian plant communities, trophic cascades, wolves. License © 2005 Ecological Society of America. Document: 2008-Beschta-Ripple-Olympic-trophic-cascades.pdf.Trophic Cascade: A Wolfs Role in the Ecosystem of Yellowstone. Thus, conservation strategies based on the trophic importance of large carnivores have increased support in terrestrial ecosystems. Trophic Cascade: A Wolfs Role in the Ecosystem of Yellowstone - graphgists. Human activity strongly mediated these cascade effects, through a depressing effect on habitat use by wolves. These alternating patterns across trophic levels support the wolf-caused trophic cascade hypothesis. Beaver lodge density was negatively correlated to elk density, and elk herbivory had an indirect negative effect on riparian songbird diversity and abundance. Wolf exclusion decreased aspen recruitment, willow production, and increased willow and aspen browsing intensity. The 1995/1996 reintroduction of gray wolves (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park after a 70 year absence has allowed for studies of tri-trophic cascades involving wolves, elk (Cervus elaphus), and plant species such as aspen (Populus tremuloides), cottonwoods (Populus spp.), and willows (Salix spp.). These impacts include: This diagram illustrates trophic cascade caused by removal of the top predator. Annual recruitment of calves was 15% in the high-wolf area vs. Trophic cascades also impact the biodiversity of ecosystems, and when examined from that perspective wolves appear to be having multiple, positive cascading impacts on the biodiversity of Yellowstone National Park. Annual survival of adult female elk was 62% in the high-wolf area vs. Elk population density diverged over time in the two treatments, such that elk were an order of magnitude more numerous in the low-wolf area compared to the high-wolf area at the end of the study. We compared effects of recolonizing wolves on these response variables using the log response ratio between the low-wolf and high-wolf treatments. We investigated the effects of differential wolf predation between these two areas on elk (Cervus elaphus) population density, adult female survival, and calf recruitment aspen (Populus tremuloides) recruitment and browse intensity willow (Salix spp.) production, browsing intensity, and net growth beaver (Castor canadensis) density and riparian songbird diversity, evenness, and abundance. High human activity partially excluded wolves from one area of the Bow Valley (low-wolf area), whereas wolves made full use of an adjacent area (high-wolf area). The first wolf pack recolonized the Bow Valley of Banff National Park in 1986. A serendipitous natural experiment provided an opportunity to test the trophic cascade hypothesis for wolves (Canis lupus) in Banff National Park, Canada. Now, if only we, the human element, could come to understand the meaningful role we should be playing in this grand theatre….Human Activity Mediates a Trophic Cascade Caused By WolvesĪbstract: Experimental evidence of trophic cascades initiated by large vertebrate predators is rare in terrestrial ecosystems. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park is a classic example of the far reaching - and might I also say rapid - effects of putting things back the way they were…. Scientists called this beneficial effect the trophic cascade, as wolves initiated a more natural ecosystem balance. Whilst we may not completely understand the importance of specific elements in the eco-system around us, at the very least we can learn to submit to its greater wisdom - recognising that these systems functioned long before our machines, our economy, and our greed came along to destroy it. The Trophic Cascade The result of the wolf reintroduction was an explosion of life and biodiversity as wolves returned to their natural place as apex predators. During the seven-decade wolf-free period, the collapse of a tri-trophic cascade allowed elk (Cervus elaphus) to signicantly impact wildlife habitat, soils, and woody plants. While the important role each ‘character’ plays out in the grand ‘theatre’ of life is rarely fully understood, even by the more eco-literate amongst us, this is where we, the human actor, need to treat the world around us with humble respect. and now presence of wolves in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) represents a natural experiment through time and an opportunity to study cascading trophic interactions. The eradication of wolves from Yellowstone National Park is a classic example of the Us and Them approach to wildlife management - where a simplistic, selfish and reductionist mindset sees nature as something to battle and compete against, rather than recognising that each wildlife entity has an important role to play in helping the systems we depend on to flourish. When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the Universe. ![]()
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![]() ![]() a safety and shock-absorbing mechanism when unscrewed. ![]() Now, it certainly doesn’t look like your typical diver, but that doesn’t mean it isn’t one – in fact, it features: These timepieces are not only attractive in design but also boast unique functional capabilities that can come in handy in your everyday life. For instance, if you’re into gaming, you might find the new line of watches from Aviator Bet Game intriguing. Now, let’s delve into some interesting aspects of timepieces. To me, the most striking feature of this dial is that beautiful turquoise color – something you almost never see on dive watches. This Vostok Amphibia 710059 is affectionately called the “Scuba Dude” because of the drawing on the dial. On to something completely different: a Russian dive watch.Ĭall it funky, quirky, or downward weird… but you can’t call it boring. There’s something exhilarating about wearing such a great piece for such a low price… you’ll know what I’m talking about the moment you put it on your wrist! Now, don’t take my word for it: check out the thousands (!!!) of 4+ stars reviews on the Internet. Now, to provide so much value with such a low price, they had to cut some corners – like using a rattly bracelet or sub-par lume.īut this is no deal-breaker to me, because the build quality and value for money is excellent. a hacking and handing winding Seiko movement.a fully aligned 120-click bezel (you don’t always get this on affordable dive watches).200 m of water resistance (and a screw down crown).You might not like the brand engraved on the side of the case – but seriously, this dive watch is as good as it gets, with: I mean, this watch only costs 1/100th of the price of the real deal after all.īut having experienced both in the metal, I can assure you that you’ll get at least 80% of the enjoyment! Sure, you won’t get the same quality as the Submariner. ![]() This design will probably ring a bell… that’s because this Invicta Pro Diver is an affordable homage to the Rolex Submariner. The movement can’t hand-wind or hack, and you’ll probably want to change the strap for something more substantial – like a leather aviator game strap, for example.īut there’s no denying that, given the design and cool factor of this watch, the value proposition is simply through the roof. Being smaller, this one will fit any wrist up to 7.5 inches in circumference. Most pilot watches have a case size of 42+ mm. Sure 37 mm is not huge, but that’s actually something I would list as a pro. When it comes to the design, everything just works.Īnd this is no accident: this is a full-fledged pilot watch, complete with a super legible dial, no-nonsense case… and a small 30 m of water resistance.
![]() ![]() i name it “root” (i just do “bg new root sudo -i” to create it from user phil). i usually start one background shell and run “sudo -i” on it. I have a background system (based on screen) that i can stuff input into. i did set up a few specific users (like admin and phil) to be able to use it, all with no password (on my laptop no one else uses). The sed command disables the #includedir directive that would allow any files in subdirectories to override these inline updates.I do use sudo, but i know almost nothing about configuring it. ![]() The sed command does inline updates to the /etc/sudoers file to allow foo and root users passwordless access to the sudo group.The home directory is set to /home/foo.The user foo is added to the both the foo and sudo group.Sed -i /etc/sudoers -re 's/^#includedir.*/# Removed the #include directive! #"/g' & \Įcho "Customized the sudoers file for passwordless access!" & \Įcho "foo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" > /etc/sudoers & \Įcho "root ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" > /etc/sudoers & \Įcho "foo user:" su foo -c 'whoami & id' & \Įcho "root user:" su root -c 'whoami & id' Sed -i /etc/sudoers -re 's/^root.*/root ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL/g' & \ Sed -i /etc/sudoers -re 's/^%sudo.*/%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL/g' & \ Useradd -U foo -m -s /bin/bash -p foo -G sudo & passwd -d foo & passwd -d root & \ This is how I've implemented the non-root, passwordless user in an ephemeral Docker Image for use in a CICD pipeline with the base image of ubuntu:18.04: RUN \ It looks like this: #includedir /etc/sudoers.d This is a sneaky little directive, as it appears to be a commented line upon first glance. Is it because the user nicholsonjf was inheriting sudo rights from the two group specifications of admin and sudo (seen below in the sudoers file), which were overriding the nicholsonjf user specification because they were further down in the config file?Īs I was researching this, I realized that there's a line in the /etc/sudoers file that is not a comment, but a directive that makes any file or folder under the directory /etc/sudoers/* override the contents of /etc/sudoers. I was only able to start running sudo commands as nicholsonjf once I removed nicholsonjf from the sudo and admin groups. However this did not work, and I was still prompted for my password every time I ran a command as nicholsonjf. # See sudoers(5) for more information on "#include" directives: # Allow members of group sudo to execute any command # Members of the admin group may gain root privileges # See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.ĭefaults secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" # Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of Initially, my only change to the sudoers file ( /etc/sudoers) was one line, a user specification that should have enabled nicholsonjf to run all commands with sudo without having to enter a password (see the line that starts with nicholsonjf): # This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root. I understand it's a huge security risk to enable NOPASSWD sudo. NOTE: I have made these changes on a dedicated machine running Ubuntu Desktop 13.04, that I use purely for learning purposes. This is a fairly complex question related to the sudoers file and the sudo command in general. ![]() ![]() Link 8 June, 2020 Two new Metal Slug titles, a mobile spin-off and a mainline console entry, are slated for release in 2020.A Rebel Bazooka Soldier on the Walking Locomotive. Link 27 June, 2020 Metal Slug Code: J, a new mobile title by Tencent Games, has been announced. Link 18 August, 2020 A Metal Slug collaboration with the mobile game Jetpack Joyride was announced. ![]() They attack with a variety of weapons, including but not limited to pistols, machetes, rifles, and a variety of explosives. Rebel Soldiers are fanatically loyal to General Donald Morden and share his deep dislike of Regular Army forces. Welcome to Metal Slug Wiki The wiki about SNKs Metal Slug series anyone can edit. Giant minigun Games Metal Slug 3D Mordens Battleship is a boss from Metal Slug 3D. Link 17 March, 2021 Metal Slug: 1st Mission and Metal Slug: 2nd Mission are now available on the Nintendo Switch e-Shop via the NeoGeo Pocket Color Selection Vol. The Rebel Soldiers are the main enemies found throughout most Metal Slug games, except for Metal Slug 5, where they are replaced by the Ptolemaic Infantry. Metal Slug es una serie de videojuegos de tipo run and gun y beat em up lanzado inicialmente en las máquinas arcade Neo-Geo y en consolas de juegos creadas por SNK. 10 June, 2021 Metal Slug Tactics, a new turn-based strategy game by Dotemu, has been announced. After defeating what appears to be General Morden, it turns out that he really is an alien in disguise, while the real Morden was their prisoner (again). Eventually it is learned that the alien menace that appeared in Metal Slug 2/Metal Slug X has returned. Berserk Button: Anything involving General Morden, due to the latter killing many of his comrades during his attacks. Badasses Wear Bandanas: Hes been wearing that iconic white bandana of his into the battlefield ever since the first game. ![]() Links: MSD | MSA | MSC The Steam version of Metal Slug Defense is still active. General Morden is not the only menace to worry about. The Pretty Morden Doubles are an enemy group introduced in Metal Slug Attack. All-American Face: More or less designed as the typical American war movie hero. ![]() As the player faces him in a Slug Gigant, Allen is once again defeated. Metal Slug 7/Metal Slug XX Allen once again shows himself in Mission 6 riding a Rebel Gigant. The Rebels modified the upper portion of the bus to allow troops to pass through and use it as an attacking point. The presence of Morden Robots led the general public to believe that Morden was also the leader of the Amadeus Syndicate. As such, there is no way of going over it until it is destroyed. The Morden Bus is a regular double-decker bus from Hong Kong used as a roadblock due to its size. Rebel Soldiers are fanatically loyal to General Donald Morden and share his deep dislike of Regular Army forces. The Morden Bus or Double-Decker Bus is a civilian vehicle that was captured and repurposed by the Rebel Army. Its de jure supreme commander was the Chief of the Regular Army, a civilian official who heads the Joint Operations Headquarters. The Regular Army was the military arm of the Earth Federation transitional government. Metal Slug: Commander: 30 November, 2022 The Rebel Soldiers are the main enemies found throughout most Metal Slug games, except for Metal Slug 5, where they are replaced by the Ptolemaic Infantry. The Regular Army (, Seikigun) is the protagonist force of the Metal Slug series.Southeast Asia (includes English language)ġ2 October, 2022 The following iOS/Android games will terminate service:.Link 17 March, 2021 Metal Slug: 1st Mission and Metal Slug: 2nd Mission are now available on the Nintendo Switch e-Shop via the NeoGeo Pocket Color Selection Vol. ![]() Being the last Metal Slug in the series that SNK was working on until its bankruptcy, it was given a lot of features, enhancements and improvements. Metal Slug ( Japanese:, Hepburn: Metaru Suraggu) is a Japanese multimedia franchise and run and gun video game series originally created by Nazca Corporation before merging with SNK in 1996 after the completion of the first game in the series. The Steam version of Metal Slug Defense is still active. Metal Slug Tactics - Gameplay Reveal What's new on Metal Slug WikiĢ2 August, 2023 Metal Slug: Awakening (formerly Metal Slug Code: J) was released in the following regions for iOS/Android: Metal Slug 3 ( 3- Metaru Suraggu Sur) is a run and gun video game for the Neo-Geo console/arcade platform created by SNK that was released in 2000 and is the sequel to Metal Slug 2. ![]() ![]() ![]() As for the products themselves, we evaluated them on performance, compatibility, build quality, and price. For the products we couldn’t test ourselves, we performed intensive research, reviewing content from expert sources like PC Gamer, PCMag, CNET, Tom’s Guide, DigitalTrends, and others, as well as thousands of consumer reviews from online storefronts like Amazon, Best Buy, and Walmart. Many of these recommendations come from personal use. While many capture cards come with built-in software, most streamers turn to dedicated streaming software like Open Broadcast Software (OBS) or XSplit. This direct connection leads to smoother, high-quality video capture. While most capture cards plug in via USB, internal capture cards plug directly into your desktop’s motherboard. If you primarily use a gaming desktop for streaming, you may want to consider an internal capture card. Otherwise, a 1080p capture card is sufficient for most people. If you already own tons of high-end equipment, we recommend a 4K-capable capture card. Most capture cards are capable of either a max capture resolution of 1080p or 4K. With this download, you get all features right away.When picking the best capture card for your recording and streaming needs, there are a few things to keep in mind.įirst, think about what you want your recording and streaming resolution to be. The App Store might list the app as having in-app purchases, but those are only for backwards compatibility with an earlier version of the app. No subscriptions, no in-app purchases, no ads. Note: This app is a single, one-time purchase. You can also organize cards into topics (to match chapters of a text book, for example). That’s because Flashcard Hero is designed specifically to go beyond language learning, offering more room on each card for facts, lists, and images. You see a lot of subjects in the top ranks where people have to memorize a lot of “structured” information. Languages (Latin, Chinese, Greek, Italian, Spanish, German) Law & business administration (economics, marketing, international law) ![]() Medicine (anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, genetics) Here’s a short list of the most popular subjects based on the over 2 million cards that users have shared among each other so far: People use the Flashcard Hero Mac & iOS apps to study many different subjects. You can use the iOS app as a remote to control the study mode on the Mac while you are projecting on a big screen. Compatible with the Remote Control feature of the Mac app. Supports studying with the Spaced Repetition System (Leitner Box System) Write cards on your iPhone/iPad - Add images - Group cards into topics. Multiple Choice tests with randomly picked or predefined answers Memorizing cards by covering the answer iCloud Drive support (syncs with the Mac app, which is a separate purchase) You can add images, lists, and use text formatting to structure your content. We made Flashcard Hero for those of you who want to fit more than a few words on each card. ![]() Flashcard Hero keeps track of what facts you already know so you can focus on what you don’t know and save a lot of time. Make your own flash cards and take the pressure out of test preparation. ![]() We made Flashcard Hero for those of you who want to. Audio output (text to speech) of text on cards in over 30 languages. FEATURES (all versions): - 3 study modes: Answer covered, Multiple choice tests, Typing the answer. Make your own flash cards and take the pressure out of test preparation. After In-App purchase: Study on your iPhone and iPad with the Flashcard Hero mobile app (separate purchase). ![]() ![]() This is particularly beneficial for those using larger monitors as it helps to minimize distractions caused by the Cursor moving out of sight. Ia writer includes typewriter mode, a feature that keeps your Current writing line centered on the screen. Although the customization options are limited compared to other writing apps, they still provide enough flexibility to Create a personalized writing environment. You can switch between dark and light themes and adjust the font size for comfortable reading and writing. While ia writer's interface is minimalistic, it does offer some customization options to suit your preferences. Moreover, ia writer offers integration with popular platforms like Medium, Ghost, and WordPress, allowing you to publish your articles directly from the app. This makes it convenient to share your work with others or upload it to websites and blogging platforms. Once you have finished writing in ia writer, you can easily export your work in various formats, such as Microsoft Word, PDF, or HTML. The simplicity of Markdown enables you to focus more on your writing rather than getting lost in complex formatting options. It uses special characters, such as hashtags and asterisks, to indicate headers, bold and italic text, lists, and hyperlinks. Markdown is a lightweight markup language that allows you to format your text quickly and easily. To use ia writer effectively, you need to familiarize yourself with Markdown syntax. The documents sync seamlessly across all your Apple devices using iCloud, ensuring you can work on your projects from anywhere. The app combines all your text files into a single location, making it easy to access and organize your work. Ia writer offers a document library where you can manage all your written pieces in one place. The minimalist design helps you stay in the creative flow and avoid distractions. It eliminates all the fancy formatting options, toolbars, and menus found in traditional word processors, allowing you to immerse yourself in your writing process. Ia writer's clean and clutter-free interface allows you to focus solely on the task of writing. Minimalist design and distraction-free writing With its sleek design and focus on simplicity, ia writer allows you to concentrate on your work without any unnecessary distractions. Whether You're a professional writer, a blogger, or a student working on assignments, ia writer can enhance your writing experience and productivity. Ia writer is a minimalist writing app that provides a distraction-free environment for writers. ![]() What is ia writer and How Does it Benefit Writers
![]() ![]() We've performed repeatedly at The Kennedy Center, The Library of Congress, The American Film Institute, and with venues across the US. impeccably performed." (The Syncopated Times). We've been hailed as "The premier American Ragtime Ensemble" by The Washington Post, with other newspapers hailing the group as "A Time machine to 1900s American theatre music." (The Sedalia Democrat, Sedalia, MO), and "The finest group of its kind. All of this is performed using the music in my over 15,000 piece archive of early American popular music scores. We also accompany silent films using the original 1920s musical scores and sound effects, and are one of the most active orchestras today authentically recreating the movie going experience of the Roaring 20s'. I am Andrew Greene, 32, founder and director of the Peacherine Ragtime Society Orchestra (PRSO), based in Annapolis, MD: For almost the past 15 years, Peacherine has been touring the United States performing and preserving culturally important American popular music: Ragtime, and its associated musical forms (theatre music, dance music, blues, early jazz, and more). Follow us on Twitter or Like us on Facebook!įacebook Twitter Instagram Calendar Please check out our Rules and FAQs.Email us at Step-by-step guide to doing an AMA.See more on our comment removals policy here.Attempting to bypass this rule by adding a ? to a non question will result in a permanent ban.All initial responses to posters must contain a properly punctuated question. ![]() Requests should be posted in /r/IAmARequests.See here for tips concerning proof and examples.If it must remain confidential, you can submit proof on our website so we can verify you and your claims. Proof should be included in the text of the post when you start your AMA.Explanation and examples of this rule can be found here. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() They can be stolen by greed, but if knocked out of your bag, they will never randomly fall into the water, unlike coins. When attacked, gems will only be knocked out of your bag once you run out of coins, and can only be dropped on the ground if you have no coins in your bag. Gems are stored in the same bag as coins, but take up much more space. Gems are the secondary currency of the game, and are required to activate special structures. In order to share coins with your partner, you must drop your coins on the ground for your partner to pick them up. In multiplayer, coins are not shared each monarch has their own coin bag. Any coins that overflow out of your bag will automatically either be dropped on the ground or discarded into the water with a 50/50 chance. There are many different ways that you can find coins, but you can only hold a limited amount in your bag before it overflows. If all active monarchs lose their crowns, you lose the game.Ĭoins are the primary currency of the game, and are required to hire subjects, build defenses, and progress in general. The monarch that still has a crown will then have the option to craft their partner a new crown by paying them 8 coins. A crown-less monarch may still pick up and drop coins as normal, but will be unable to purchase anything. If it falls into the ocean or is successfully stolen by an enemy, you will have lost that crown. If you get hit when you have no coins, your crown will get knocked off of your head. Be warned, you have no invulnerability period after being hit. If your monarch is hit by an enemy, you will lose a number of coins proportional to the attack. The longer you survive, the harder it gets. The game runs on a day and night cycle, where you build and expand during the day, and defend the onslaught of enemies at night. If held down while walking, you start running. The next update has arrived! The game now has a new biome: Dead Lands, featuring tons of new content to explore! Winter update is here! I will be working to update the guide accordingly, so now is a great time to post any new information that should be included! Here are the update notes: While grammar isn’t absolutely necessary, please try to word your comments in a way that is understandable, so that the information is not misinterpreted. Then, leave a comment of your findings down in the comments section below, and the information will be reviewed and added to the guide. Run tests, crunch numbers, or do whatever you prefer to gather information. Then, as you play the game, try to look into anything you come across that is not already in the guide. We’re back! If you would like to contribute to the creation of this guide, please read the entire guide first. If you find this guide extra helpful, please also consider giving it an award! These take many hours of work to put together, so I hope you can spare 3 seconds to give it a rating, because it really helps. The reward is Xp + Gold + Green Star Lantern.Thanks a lot for using this guide. All Creatures in Winter Wonder Mountains can drop the Torn Red Hat. All Those Hats! Return to Marley with Torn Red Hat x12. ![]() The reward is XP + Gold + Rednosed Reindeer( Pets) The Big Red Bag is found on top of one of the houses. Where did the bag go? Return to Chris with the Big Red Bag. ![]() ![]() ![]() Thereafter, from 2009 to 2010, he worked as a private expert and international consultant. ![]() Among others, Bizimana was vice president of the National Commission that probed the downing of former President Juvenal Habyarimana’s plane in April 1994. Until his appointment, the former academic and senator, served as the Executive Secretary of the National Commission for the Fight against Genocide (CNLG), an agency established in 2007 to prevent and fight against Genocide, its ideology and overcoming its consequences.įrom 2004 to 2006, he taught international law at the then National University of Rwanda and at Kigali Independent University (ULK).įrom 2007 to 2010, he taught International Law in University of Rwanda, Genocide Studies, Center for conflict Managementīetween 20, he served as a member of the Rwandan National Commission which examined the role of the French government in the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi. He also holds a Bachelor’s degree in philosophy and human sciences obtained in 1991. ![]() His master’s degree in law was obtained from Montpellier I University in France. Born in 1963 in Cyanika sector, in Nyamagabe District, Bizimana holds a PhD in Law, with a specialization in international law, from the University of Toulouse in France which he obtained in February 2004. ![]() ![]() The 3-inch loft worked well for me when I was lying on my back, but some back sleepers may want to add one or both of the boosters to get a true medium loft, depending on your body type. Side sleeping on the Purple pillow.īack - The Purple pillow is also a solid option for back sleepers. And folks with larger frames may even want to purchase some extra boosters, as four and a half inches is more like a medium loft than a truly high loft. That higher loft will ensure your neck is properly aligned. Its firm feel is great for side sleepers and the grid keeps your head and neck nicely elevated, but I would definitely recommend adding in the boosters to raise the loft for most side sleepers. Side - I think the Purple pillow works well for side sleeping. With that knowledge of the Purple pillow ’s firmness and loft in mind, let’s go over how I think this pillow will work for different sleeping positions. You can also purchase additional boosters from Purple if you want an even higher loft. One foam booster is 1-inch tall and the other is ½-inch tall, so you can raise the loft up to four and a half inches if so desired. However, it does come with two pillow boosters that make the loft adjustable. The Purple pillow ’s loft is three inches, which is on the lower side. ![]() Or if you’ve felt a lack of neck support, your loft may have been too low. If you’ve ever felt like a pillow was craning your neck upward, the loft was probably too high for you. ![]() A pillow’s loft refers to how tall it is and is key for maintaining spinal alignment and preventing neck pain. The general rule of pillow loft is that side sleepers should go for a higher loft, back sleepers should go for a medium loft, and stomach sleepers should go for a low loft. This makes the pillow super supportive, but not very fluffy or cozy. Each individual triangular pocket of the grid meshes around you to keep your head and neck elevated on the surface of the pillow. The grid cradles your head and neck a bit, but not in the way memory foam conforms around you or the way you sink in through down. When I felt the pillow with my hands, the Purple grid felt so squishy and jelly-like that I assumed the pillow would be super soft, but once I actually laid my head down on it, I realized how firm it is. I was surprised when I tested the Purple pillow that it had a fairly firm feel. When it comes to pillow firmness, my rule of thumb is that side sleepers do best with a firmer pillow, stomach sleepers do best with a softer pillow, and back sleepers want something in the middle. The Purple pillow only comes in one standard size, so if you want a king size pillow, it may not be the best option for you.Īs stated, this pillow is unlike any other I’ve tried…but what does it actually feel like? I slept on the Purple pillow for a few nights to get a good sense of what it feels like, but keep in mind that feel is subjective, so you may have a different experience than I did.However, if you want a slightly more conventional pillow that still utilizes Purple technology, I’d recommend the Purple Harmony pillow. It doesn’t have the squishy, moldability of down or the conforming, sinking-in feel of foam - it’s truly unlike any other pillow I’ve tried. Additionally, if you like a more traditional pillow, you may not like the feel of the Purple grid.I found it to be too firm for my taste, as I like a pillow that’s just soft enough for me to sink into. If you prefer a softer pillow, I wouldn’t recommend the Purple pillow. ![]() The Purple grid allows for lots of airflow and the pillow cover is breathable, so it should prevent heat from being trapped. Hot sleepers should love how cool the Purple pillow sleeps.It’s firm, but still cradles your head and neck to allow for some contouring. If you like a firmer feel from your pillow, the Purple is a solid option.The Purple pillow can work for all three sleeping positions - back, stomach, and side - which makes it a great choice for combination sleepers, who switch between multiple positions.So here’s a quick rundown of who I think the Purple pillow will work for and who should consider another pillow. Depending on how you sleep, you’ll have different needs from your pillow. ![]() |
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